GCC monetary union likely to better economies
Bahrain Tribune - 13/03/2008
(MENAFN - Bahrain Tribune) Assistant Secretary-General for Economic Affairs at the Arab League, Dr Mohammed Ibrahim Al Tuwaijri, has dismissed the idea that any GCC state would cut its currency link with the US dollar except Kuwait.
He said there were reports that the dollar might recover by March 2009. Talking on the sidelines of the regional meet on GCC policies for using clean fuel for cleaner environment al Tuwaijri said it was not in the interest of GCC states to cut their currency link with the US dollar since this might lead to chaos, especially since all deals and transactions were in carried out in the dollar. Regarding the unified GCC currency, he said all the recent indications showed it would be issued by 2010 in view of the international economic situation such as inflation and recession in the US dollar that reflected negatively on GCC currencies linked to it. He added that the introduction of a unified GCC currency would be one of positive resolutions to better the economic situation.
Minister of Oil and Gas and Head of the National Oil and Gas Authority Dr Abdulhussain Bin Ali Mirza, who opened the regional meet on developing GCC policies to use cleaner fuel for better environment, said: "Bahrain has become the first country in the region to produce low Suplphur Diesel and also jet fuel with less CO2 omissions."
The two-day meeting will discuss issues related to fuel and cars and what has been achieved by the GCC, Middle East and North African countries to improve the quality of fuel through setting standards for vehicles in view of the challenges facing the production of unleaded fuel.
The minister said that international efforts and cooperation were essential to improve the international power scenario including the oil sector to maintain environment through improving petroleum products.
Dr Mirza mentioned a number of projects in the field, including unleaded fuel which has been produced since 2000 at a cost of $7.4 million.
Prime Minister Shaikh Khalifa bin Salman Al Khalifa in December opened a complex to produce unleaded diesel at a cost of $725 million with investment revenue reaching 30 per cent.
"There are a number of similar projects of international standards to maintain environment which would be launched after completing their technical and financial studies."
The Director and Regional Representative of the UN Environment Programme for West Asia Dr Habeeb Al Hobar said an international partnership was essential to tackle the issue.
He hailed the role of international partnership in using natural resources wisely and also the use of cleaner fuel under the sponsorship of the environment programme which, he said,contributed in spreading the use of unleaded fuel.
He also praised the policies and programmes of Arab countries to achieve a cleaner environment, underlining the ability of the GCC states to use unleaded fuel since 2003 in Saudi Arabia, Kuwait and the UAE. Deputy Chairman of the general committee to protect fishery resources, environment and wildlife Dr Ismael Al Madani referred to the increasing number of cars in Bahrain with about nine per cent considered as dangerous from the point of view of traffic and leading to accidents and deaths.
Sunday, March 30, 2008
Friday, March 28, 2008
Impact of revaluation on the $$$$ - if it happened
The Middle East May Still Be Considering Dropping Their Dollar Pegs
With the greenback trading near record lows, countries like Qatar and the United Arab Emirates are grappling with rapidly growing import price inflation and accelerated expansion as oil revenues rocket higher. In fact, during the third quarter of 2007, the Qatar Central Bank reported that inflation hit 13.7 percent (Qatar’s fiscal year ends on March 31). Meanwhile, the US Federal Reserve has reduced the federal funds rate by 300bps since September 2007 and the markets continue to price in additional cuts. Clearly, the synergies between the US and Persian Gulf countries have lessened quite a bit, making US monetary policy and more importantly, the US dollar, an uncomfortable fit for many Gulf Cooperation Council members, which includes Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar and the UAE. As a result, it is not surprising to hear that moving away from a dollar peg has been discussed by many of the GCC countries, but what are their options and how will it affect the US dollar?
Pegging to a Basket of Currencies – Persian Gulf countries like the UAE, Qatar, and Saudi Arabia have a few choices when it comes to shifting their respective currencies from the dollar peg, but they will likely want to go with a method that has been tried and tested by one of the other GCC member countries: Kuwait. In May, Kuwait shifted their currency, the dinar, from a dollar peg to a basket of currencies. While the exact weighting has not been disclosed, the basket likely remains heavily weighted in the greenback, with the remaining portions in the currencies of some of their major trading partners, including Europe, the UK, and Japan. Since the shift, the Kuwaiti dinar has appreciated over 9 percent, indicating that a move to a currency basket is a very feasible option. In the short-term, the announcement of a shift to a currency basket by any of the other GCC members would be detrimental to the greenback, as it would suggest that the country would start to diversify central bank reserves away from the dollar and into assets denominated in the currencies of the basket. There is significant capital at stake, as Saudi Arabia’s foreign currency reserves rose 26 percent in September from last year to $259 billion, while the UAE's reserves surged a whopping 65 percent in June from a year earlier to $43 billion. Furthermore, the risks of a sharp knee-jerk sell-off in the greenback would be exacerbated if a group of GCC members announced that they would all de-peg from the dollar, given the increased reserve diversification prospects.
A One-Off Revaluation – Another option that some of the GCC members may consider is a one-off revaluation, which would maintain the dollar peg, but at a level that reflects an appreciation of the local currency. This is similar to what China did with the yuan in July 2005, when the currency was allowed to appreciate 2.1 percent within a single day. The primary reaction of the greenback was seen as a 2.7 percent drop against the Japanese yen, but the sell-off of the dollar also followed through to a lesser degree of approximately 1 percent against the Euro and British Pound. However, the price action did not carry over into the long term, as the prevailing trends of the pairs eventually took over within a few days. If one or more GCC members chose to implement a one-off revaluation, we would likely see similar results where the US dollar would drop against the majors, though the sharpest moves would likely be against the Euro and British Pound. Nevertheless, with central bank foreign exchange reserves likely to go untouched for the time being, the sentiment may wane rather quickly.
http://www.dailyfx.com/story/topheadline/EUR_USD__Why_US_Dollar_Weakness_1206652408597.html
With the greenback trading near record lows, countries like Qatar and the United Arab Emirates are grappling with rapidly growing import price inflation and accelerated expansion as oil revenues rocket higher. In fact, during the third quarter of 2007, the Qatar Central Bank reported that inflation hit 13.7 percent (Qatar’s fiscal year ends on March 31). Meanwhile, the US Federal Reserve has reduced the federal funds rate by 300bps since September 2007 and the markets continue to price in additional cuts. Clearly, the synergies between the US and Persian Gulf countries have lessened quite a bit, making US monetary policy and more importantly, the US dollar, an uncomfortable fit for many Gulf Cooperation Council members, which includes Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar and the UAE. As a result, it is not surprising to hear that moving away from a dollar peg has been discussed by many of the GCC countries, but what are their options and how will it affect the US dollar?
Pegging to a Basket of Currencies – Persian Gulf countries like the UAE, Qatar, and Saudi Arabia have a few choices when it comes to shifting their respective currencies from the dollar peg, but they will likely want to go with a method that has been tried and tested by one of the other GCC member countries: Kuwait. In May, Kuwait shifted their currency, the dinar, from a dollar peg to a basket of currencies. While the exact weighting has not been disclosed, the basket likely remains heavily weighted in the greenback, with the remaining portions in the currencies of some of their major trading partners, including Europe, the UK, and Japan. Since the shift, the Kuwaiti dinar has appreciated over 9 percent, indicating that a move to a currency basket is a very feasible option. In the short-term, the announcement of a shift to a currency basket by any of the other GCC members would be detrimental to the greenback, as it would suggest that the country would start to diversify central bank reserves away from the dollar and into assets denominated in the currencies of the basket. There is significant capital at stake, as Saudi Arabia’s foreign currency reserves rose 26 percent in September from last year to $259 billion, while the UAE's reserves surged a whopping 65 percent in June from a year earlier to $43 billion. Furthermore, the risks of a sharp knee-jerk sell-off in the greenback would be exacerbated if a group of GCC members announced that they would all de-peg from the dollar, given the increased reserve diversification prospects.
A One-Off Revaluation – Another option that some of the GCC members may consider is a one-off revaluation, which would maintain the dollar peg, but at a level that reflects an appreciation of the local currency. This is similar to what China did with the yuan in July 2005, when the currency was allowed to appreciate 2.1 percent within a single day. The primary reaction of the greenback was seen as a 2.7 percent drop against the Japanese yen, but the sell-off of the dollar also followed through to a lesser degree of approximately 1 percent against the Euro and British Pound. However, the price action did not carry over into the long term, as the prevailing trends of the pairs eventually took over within a few days. If one or more GCC members chose to implement a one-off revaluation, we would likely see similar results where the US dollar would drop against the majors, though the sharpest moves would likely be against the Euro and British Pound. Nevertheless, with central bank foreign exchange reserves likely to go untouched for the time being, the sentiment may wane rather quickly.
http://www.dailyfx.com/story/topheadline/EUR_USD__Why_US_Dollar_Weakness_1206652408597.html
Wednesday, March 26, 2008
Qatar urges GCC to bridge currency rifts
Qatar urges GCC to bridge currency rifts
Web posted at: 2/26/2008 4:38:34
Source ::: AFP
DOHA • The Prime Minister and Foreign Minister H E Sheikh Hamad bin Jassem bin Jabor Al Thani urged Gulf states to bridge differences over a single currency, saying monetary union could avert possible unilateral revaluations designed to check soaring inflation.
Qatar's dollar-pegged riyal is undervalued by as much as 30 percent and currency revaluation is being studied, among several options, to check inflation, Sheikh Hamad bin Jassem said. Inflation hit 13.74 percent in the fourth quarter. "It's now the time for the Gulf to have its own currency," Sheikh Hamad bin Jassem said. "We are thinking about it and in talks ... we are discussing with Gulf countries, but there is no consensus."
Qatar would prefer to make any change to its currency policy in concert with its Gulf partners preparing for monetary union as early as 2010, the Prime Minister said.
"We prefer always to act with all the GCC countries," said Sheikh Hamad bin Jassem. Qatar currently chairs the six-nation Gulf Cooperation Council.
Asked how long Qatar could continue with its existing foreign exchange regime, he said: "We cannot give a time. It is something that we have to see how it goes and look at where the dollar is going."
Rifts in Gulf monetary policy widened in May when Kuwait broke ranks with its neighbours by severing its dollar peg in favour of a basket of currencies, saying a weak dollar was driving imported inflation.
Oman has said it will not join a single currency at all, and United Arab Emirates Central Bank Governor Sultan Nasser Al Suweidi said in November he was under mounting social and economic pressure to drop the peg.
Drop the peg: Greenspan
ABU DHABI • Former US Federal Reserve chairman Alan Greenspan yesterday advised Gulf states whose currencies are pegged to the US dollar to float their currencies as a means to curb inflation. "I actually think floating is better than fixing or revaluation" of the exchange rate against the flagging dollar, he told a corporate leadership forum in the United Arab Emirates.
Web posted at: 2/26/2008 4:38:34
Source ::: AFP
DOHA • The Prime Minister and Foreign Minister H E Sheikh Hamad bin Jassem bin Jabor Al Thani urged Gulf states to bridge differences over a single currency, saying monetary union could avert possible unilateral revaluations designed to check soaring inflation.
Qatar's dollar-pegged riyal is undervalued by as much as 30 percent and currency revaluation is being studied, among several options, to check inflation, Sheikh Hamad bin Jassem said. Inflation hit 13.74 percent in the fourth quarter. "It's now the time for the Gulf to have its own currency," Sheikh Hamad bin Jassem said. "We are thinking about it and in talks ... we are discussing with Gulf countries, but there is no consensus."
Qatar would prefer to make any change to its currency policy in concert with its Gulf partners preparing for monetary union as early as 2010, the Prime Minister said.
"We prefer always to act with all the GCC countries," said Sheikh Hamad bin Jassem. Qatar currently chairs the six-nation Gulf Cooperation Council.
Asked how long Qatar could continue with its existing foreign exchange regime, he said: "We cannot give a time. It is something that we have to see how it goes and look at where the dollar is going."
Rifts in Gulf monetary policy widened in May when Kuwait broke ranks with its neighbours by severing its dollar peg in favour of a basket of currencies, saying a weak dollar was driving imported inflation.
Oman has said it will not join a single currency at all, and United Arab Emirates Central Bank Governor Sultan Nasser Al Suweidi said in November he was under mounting social and economic pressure to drop the peg.
Drop the peg: Greenspan
ABU DHABI • Former US Federal Reserve chairman Alan Greenspan yesterday advised Gulf states whose currencies are pegged to the US dollar to float their currencies as a means to curb inflation. "I actually think floating is better than fixing or revaluation" of the exchange rate against the flagging dollar, he told a corporate leadership forum in the United Arab Emirates.
Tuesday, March 25, 2008
Study on single currency deadline due this year
Study on single currency deadline due this year
by Joel Bowman on Monday, 24 March 2008 The GCC is due to complete a study into the feasibility of establishing a monetary union by the current 2010 deadline by the end of this year, its secretary-general said on Sunday.
“We are carrying out a study now to see what results we will have by the end of the year,” Abdul Rahman Al Attiyah said, quoted newswire Bloomberg.
Gulf leaders requested the study in December at annual GCC summit in Doha, despite publicly backing the deadline.
At the end of the summit leaders issued a communiqué that said the GCC remained committed to a 2010 target date for establishing a GCC monetary union and single currency - something analysts regard this as almost impossible.
UAE daily Emirates Business 24/7 reported in January that Gulf leaders asked ministers and central bank governors to come up with a new date and timeframe for establishing the monetary union at the summit, citing official documents.
The deadline has been in question ever since Oman said in 2006 it would not join in 2010 over concerns that spending targets could constrain economic growth.
The deadline received another blow in May last year when Kuwait broke ranks with its neighbours and depegged its currency from the dollar, citing the dollar's slide against other currencies as one of the factors fuelling inflation.
GCC members had agreed to peg their currencies to the dollar as part of preparations for the eventual introduction of a single currency.
Record inflation across the Gulf has piled pressure on central banks to follow Kuwait's lead, raising further concerns over the introduction of the monetary union.
A report released by investment bank Morgan Stanley in February said the 2010 target date was highly unlikely, adding that GCC members were more likely to revalue their currencies unilaterally.
Analysts have predicted the UAE and Saudi may break ranks from the GCC’s declared schedule for establishing a common currency and "go it alone", with other states joining at a later date.
by Joel Bowman on Monday, 24 March 2008 The GCC is due to complete a study into the feasibility of establishing a monetary union by the current 2010 deadline by the end of this year, its secretary-general said on Sunday.
“We are carrying out a study now to see what results we will have by the end of the year,” Abdul Rahman Al Attiyah said, quoted newswire Bloomberg.
Gulf leaders requested the study in December at annual GCC summit in Doha, despite publicly backing the deadline.
At the end of the summit leaders issued a communiqué that said the GCC remained committed to a 2010 target date for establishing a GCC monetary union and single currency - something analysts regard this as almost impossible.
UAE daily Emirates Business 24/7 reported in January that Gulf leaders asked ministers and central bank governors to come up with a new date and timeframe for establishing the monetary union at the summit, citing official documents.
The deadline has been in question ever since Oman said in 2006 it would not join in 2010 over concerns that spending targets could constrain economic growth.
The deadline received another blow in May last year when Kuwait broke ranks with its neighbours and depegged its currency from the dollar, citing the dollar's slide against other currencies as one of the factors fuelling inflation.
GCC members had agreed to peg their currencies to the dollar as part of preparations for the eventual introduction of a single currency.
Record inflation across the Gulf has piled pressure on central banks to follow Kuwait's lead, raising further concerns over the introduction of the monetary union.
A report released by investment bank Morgan Stanley in February said the 2010 target date was highly unlikely, adding that GCC members were more likely to revalue their currencies unilaterally.
Analysts have predicted the UAE and Saudi may break ranks from the GCC’s declared schedule for establishing a common currency and "go it alone", with other states joining at a later date.
Monday, March 24, 2008
Experts fear overheating in region's property market
Experts fear overheating in region's property market
By Suzanne Fenton, Staff Reporter
Published: March 20, 2008, 23:54
Dubai: The property market in the region is in danger of becoming overstretched, industry officials, whose remarks were given on condition of anonymity, said at a recent conference in Dubai.
"If the costs get too high, Dubai won't be so attractive," the chief executive of a real estate project development in Oman said.
Dubai's real estate transactions were worth $18 billion in 2006, and current estimates show a staggering $158 billion is invested in the sector just in Dubai.
A Financial Times survey has said Dubai is 'at the cutting edge' of world property markets, with average property values rocketing by 150 per cent in the last two years. In contrast, the UK's property value increased by 240 per cent over ten years.
A UAE-based developer said, "There's a lot of pent-up capital looking closely at this region, but returns will be crushed based on escalating costs."
Over the last two years, Dubai has seen rental costs for premium office space more than double, with prices hitting $1,172 per square metre in some cases. In 2005, this figure was about $538.
The main driver behind Dubai's property boom is the ever-increasing population, expected to reach 1.9 million in 2010. Low-cost property, costing Dh500 per square foot, is in high demand, but owing to soaring costs of materials, investment in this sector is losing its appeal.
Soaring construction costs are threatening many projects into being delayed, which is a concern to investors and developers alike.
Some developers are even buying back their own stock as they can't afford to continue construction. A Dubai-based developer agreed that "in the last three months, there has been a marked increase in partly finished buildings being sold off."
A managing director for an international consultancy firm said, "The problem in Dubai is that there are a lot of inexperienced developers, and they are building too much, too quickly and it just can't be sustained."
By Suzanne Fenton, Staff Reporter
Published: March 20, 2008, 23:54
Dubai: The property market in the region is in danger of becoming overstretched, industry officials, whose remarks were given on condition of anonymity, said at a recent conference in Dubai.
"If the costs get too high, Dubai won't be so attractive," the chief executive of a real estate project development in Oman said.
Dubai's real estate transactions were worth $18 billion in 2006, and current estimates show a staggering $158 billion is invested in the sector just in Dubai.
A Financial Times survey has said Dubai is 'at the cutting edge' of world property markets, with average property values rocketing by 150 per cent in the last two years. In contrast, the UK's property value increased by 240 per cent over ten years.
A UAE-based developer said, "There's a lot of pent-up capital looking closely at this region, but returns will be crushed based on escalating costs."
Over the last two years, Dubai has seen rental costs for premium office space more than double, with prices hitting $1,172 per square metre in some cases. In 2005, this figure was about $538.
The main driver behind Dubai's property boom is the ever-increasing population, expected to reach 1.9 million in 2010. Low-cost property, costing Dh500 per square foot, is in high demand, but owing to soaring costs of materials, investment in this sector is losing its appeal.
Soaring construction costs are threatening many projects into being delayed, which is a concern to investors and developers alike.
Some developers are even buying back their own stock as they can't afford to continue construction. A Dubai-based developer agreed that "in the last three months, there has been a marked increase in partly finished buildings being sold off."
A managing director for an international consultancy firm said, "The problem in Dubai is that there are a lot of inexperienced developers, and they are building too much, too quickly and it just can't be sustained."
AL ATTIYAH SAYS BAHRAIN WILL BENEFIT MOST FROM THE GCC COMMON MARKET
AL ATTIYAH SAYS BAHRAIN WILL BENEFIT MOST FROM THE GCC COMMON MARKET
date: 23 03, 2008
MANAMA, MARCH 23, (BNA)--BAHRAIN WILL BE PARTICULARLY THE BIGGEST BENEFICIARY OF ALL THE GCC COUNTRIES FROM THE LAUNCH OF THE GCC COMMON MARKET THANKS TO ITS OPEN ECONOMY, EXPERIENCE AND PASSED LEGISLATION, GCC SECRETARY GENERAL ABDULRAHMAN BIN HAMAD AL ATTIYAH AFFIRMED TODAY IN A SPEECH GIVEN AT A MEETING HELD BY BAHRAIN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE AND INDUSTRY (BCCI) ON THE COMMON MARKET.
HE URGED TO SPEED UP LEGISLATION IN THE GCC COUNTRIES TO GIVE A PUSH TO THE GCC COMMON MARKET, EXPRESSING HOPE TO ACHIEVE A MONETARY UNION AND THE COMMON GCC CURRENCY IN LINE WITH THE RECOMMENDATIONS OF 2001 GCC SUMMIT IN MUSCAT AND THE LATEST SUMMIT IN DOHA.
AL ATTIYAH UNDERLINED KUWAITS COMMITMENT TO THE MONETARY UNION PROJECT WHILE OMAN, HE SAID, WOULD JOIN WHEN APPROPRIATE ACCORDING TO ITS ECONOMIC SITUATION.
HE ALSO CALLED FOR TRUE PARTNERSHIP BETWEEN THE GCC SECRETARIAT GENERAL AND THE CHAMBERS OF COMMERCE AND INDUSTRY IN THE GCC COUNTRIES TO ACTIVATE THE GCC COMMON MARKET AND TRANSLATE IT INTO A REALITY.
ON HIS PART, MINISTER OF INDUSTRY AND COMMERCE DR.
HASAN ABDULLAH FAKHRO STRESSED IN A SPEECH, DELIVERED ON HIS BEHALF BY UNDERSECRETARY FOR COMMERCIAL AFFAIRS DR.
ABDULLAH AL MANSOUR, THE KEY ROLE PLAYED BY THE PRIVATE SECTOR IN THE ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT PROCESS TAKING PLACE IN BAHRAIN AND THE GCC STATES AT LARGE, UNDERLINING THE NEED TO INVOLVE THIS VITAL SECTOR IN THE ECONOMIC DECISION-MAKING PROCESS, NOTABLY AFTER THE LAUNCH OF THE GCC COMMON MARKET.
THE MINISTER HIGHLIGHTED THE MULTIPLE ECONOMIC, COMMERCIAL AND INVESTMENT OPPORTUNITIES TO BE GENERATED BY THE GCC COMMON MARKET FOR ESTABLISHMENTS AND INDIVIDUALS THANKS TO A FREE COMMODITY EXCHANGE, FREELANCE EXCHANGE OF SERVICES, EASY CAPITAL TRANSFER AND LABOUR FORCE MOBILITY.
DR.
FAKHRO URGED THE PRIVATE SECTOR TO ENHANCE ITS PARTICIPATION IN THE DEVELOPMENT PROCESS IN THE COMING PHASE AND EXPAND ITS INVESTMENTS IN ALL FIELDS.
WITHIN THE SAME CONTEXT, CHAIRMAN OF THE UNION OF GCC CHAMBERS OF COMMERCE DR.
ISSAM ABDULLAH FAKHRO CALLED ON THE GOVERNMENT AND PRIVATE SECTORS TO JOIN EFFORTS IN ACTIVATING THE RESOLUTIONS ISSUED BY THE GCC SUPREME COUNCIL WHICH SEEK TO ACHIEVE FULL GCC ECONOMIC CITIZENSHIP AND GET RID OF BUREAUCRACY WHICH MAY UNDERMINE THE COMMON MARKET AND IMPAIR ITS IMPLEMENTATION MECHANISMS.
HE STRESSED THE IMPORTANCE OF EFFECTIVE PARTNERSHIP BETWEEN THE GCC CHAMBERS OF COMMERCE AND GOVERNMENTS THROUGH THE EFFORTS OF THE MINISTERIAL AND TECHNICAL COMMITTEES.FAKHRO SAID THAT THE GCC HAS TAKEN A MAJOR STEP IN THE TRACK OF ITS ECONOMIC PROGRESS BY LAUNCHING THE JOINT MARKET.
HE LOOKED FORWARD TO REACHING COMPLETE ECONOMIC UNITY BY ISSUING A UNIFIED CURRENCY.
FACTORS CONTRIBUTING TO THE SUCCESS OF THE CURRENCY ARE NOW AVAILABLE MORE THAN ANY OTHER TIME AFTER THE LAUNCH OF THE JOINT MARKET, HE SAID.
FAKHRO POINTED OUT TO THE IMPORTANCE OF LOOKING AT THE JOINT GCC MARKET AS THE CORE OF A JOINT ARAB MARKET.
ON HIS PART, FEDERATION OF GCC CHAMBERS OF COMMERCE SECRETARY GENERAL ABDUL RAHEEM NAQI OUTLINED SOME OF THE INDICATORS RELATED TO THE LIBERATION OF PRODUCTS INVESTMENTS AMONG GCC STATES AND THE ROLE THAT THE JOINT MARKET COULD HAVE IN INCREASING THE EXCHANGE OF TRADE AND INVESTMENT AMONG THEM.
THE NUMBER OF JOINT GCC PROJECTS REACHED AROUND 1,000, HE SAID, NOTING THAT THE SUM OF THEIR CAPITAL DID NOT EXCEED USD205 BILLION IN 2005.
ON THE OTHER HAND, JOINT-STOCK COMPANIES ALLOWING GULF CITIZENS TO TRADE IN THEIR SHARES REACHED 524 OUT OF A TOTAL OF 1,000 COMPANIES, HE SAID.
ACCORDING TO NAQI, THERE ARE ONLY 16 BRANCHES OF GULF BANKS IN COUNCIL MEMBER COUNTRIES.
THE NUMBER OF GCC CITIZENS OWNING PROPERTY IN OTHER GCC STATES DID NOT EXCEED 34,000, HE NOTED.
THE SIZE OF TRADE EXCHANGE AMONG GCC COUNTRIES ONLY REACHED 10 PER CENT OF THE TOTAL OF EXCHANGE IN THE AREA, HE ADDED.
WITH THE JOINT MARKET, HE SAID, THE RATE IS EXPECTED TO MORE THAN DOUBLE, ACCORDING TO ESTIMATIONS.
A SIGNIFICANT SHARE OF GCC INVESTMENTS ABROAD, WORTH AROUND USD 1 TRILLION, COULD ALSO BE FORWARDED TO THE ECONOMIES OF COUNCIL COUNTRIES INSTEAD, HE SAID.
THE MEETING ALSO COVERED VARIOUS ASPECTS RELATED TO THE LAUNCH OF THE GCC JOINT MARKET.
IT DISCUSSED THE MEANS OF ACHIEVING GCC ECONOMIC CITIZENSHIP THROUGH THE POTENTIALS MADE AVAILABLE BY THE MARKET.
THIS COULD BE DONE BY FAMILIARIZING BUSINESSMEN AND VARIOUS ECONOMIC SECTORS WITH THE RULES AND REGULATIONS RELATED TO GCC ECONOMIC CITIZENSHIP.
NTQ/MT 23-MAR-2008 19:18
date: 23 03, 2008
MANAMA, MARCH 23, (BNA)--BAHRAIN WILL BE PARTICULARLY THE BIGGEST BENEFICIARY OF ALL THE GCC COUNTRIES FROM THE LAUNCH OF THE GCC COMMON MARKET THANKS TO ITS OPEN ECONOMY, EXPERIENCE AND PASSED LEGISLATION, GCC SECRETARY GENERAL ABDULRAHMAN BIN HAMAD AL ATTIYAH AFFIRMED TODAY IN A SPEECH GIVEN AT A MEETING HELD BY BAHRAIN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE AND INDUSTRY (BCCI) ON THE COMMON MARKET.
HE URGED TO SPEED UP LEGISLATION IN THE GCC COUNTRIES TO GIVE A PUSH TO THE GCC COMMON MARKET, EXPRESSING HOPE TO ACHIEVE A MONETARY UNION AND THE COMMON GCC CURRENCY IN LINE WITH THE RECOMMENDATIONS OF 2001 GCC SUMMIT IN MUSCAT AND THE LATEST SUMMIT IN DOHA.
AL ATTIYAH UNDERLINED KUWAITS COMMITMENT TO THE MONETARY UNION PROJECT WHILE OMAN, HE SAID, WOULD JOIN WHEN APPROPRIATE ACCORDING TO ITS ECONOMIC SITUATION.
HE ALSO CALLED FOR TRUE PARTNERSHIP BETWEEN THE GCC SECRETARIAT GENERAL AND THE CHAMBERS OF COMMERCE AND INDUSTRY IN THE GCC COUNTRIES TO ACTIVATE THE GCC COMMON MARKET AND TRANSLATE IT INTO A REALITY.
ON HIS PART, MINISTER OF INDUSTRY AND COMMERCE DR.
HASAN ABDULLAH FAKHRO STRESSED IN A SPEECH, DELIVERED ON HIS BEHALF BY UNDERSECRETARY FOR COMMERCIAL AFFAIRS DR.
ABDULLAH AL MANSOUR, THE KEY ROLE PLAYED BY THE PRIVATE SECTOR IN THE ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT PROCESS TAKING PLACE IN BAHRAIN AND THE GCC STATES AT LARGE, UNDERLINING THE NEED TO INVOLVE THIS VITAL SECTOR IN THE ECONOMIC DECISION-MAKING PROCESS, NOTABLY AFTER THE LAUNCH OF THE GCC COMMON MARKET.
THE MINISTER HIGHLIGHTED THE MULTIPLE ECONOMIC, COMMERCIAL AND INVESTMENT OPPORTUNITIES TO BE GENERATED BY THE GCC COMMON MARKET FOR ESTABLISHMENTS AND INDIVIDUALS THANKS TO A FREE COMMODITY EXCHANGE, FREELANCE EXCHANGE OF SERVICES, EASY CAPITAL TRANSFER AND LABOUR FORCE MOBILITY.
DR.
FAKHRO URGED THE PRIVATE SECTOR TO ENHANCE ITS PARTICIPATION IN THE DEVELOPMENT PROCESS IN THE COMING PHASE AND EXPAND ITS INVESTMENTS IN ALL FIELDS.
WITHIN THE SAME CONTEXT, CHAIRMAN OF THE UNION OF GCC CHAMBERS OF COMMERCE DR.
ISSAM ABDULLAH FAKHRO CALLED ON THE GOVERNMENT AND PRIVATE SECTORS TO JOIN EFFORTS IN ACTIVATING THE RESOLUTIONS ISSUED BY THE GCC SUPREME COUNCIL WHICH SEEK TO ACHIEVE FULL GCC ECONOMIC CITIZENSHIP AND GET RID OF BUREAUCRACY WHICH MAY UNDERMINE THE COMMON MARKET AND IMPAIR ITS IMPLEMENTATION MECHANISMS.
HE STRESSED THE IMPORTANCE OF EFFECTIVE PARTNERSHIP BETWEEN THE GCC CHAMBERS OF COMMERCE AND GOVERNMENTS THROUGH THE EFFORTS OF THE MINISTERIAL AND TECHNICAL COMMITTEES.FAKHRO SAID THAT THE GCC HAS TAKEN A MAJOR STEP IN THE TRACK OF ITS ECONOMIC PROGRESS BY LAUNCHING THE JOINT MARKET.
HE LOOKED FORWARD TO REACHING COMPLETE ECONOMIC UNITY BY ISSUING A UNIFIED CURRENCY.
FACTORS CONTRIBUTING TO THE SUCCESS OF THE CURRENCY ARE NOW AVAILABLE MORE THAN ANY OTHER TIME AFTER THE LAUNCH OF THE JOINT MARKET, HE SAID.
FAKHRO POINTED OUT TO THE IMPORTANCE OF LOOKING AT THE JOINT GCC MARKET AS THE CORE OF A JOINT ARAB MARKET.
ON HIS PART, FEDERATION OF GCC CHAMBERS OF COMMERCE SECRETARY GENERAL ABDUL RAHEEM NAQI OUTLINED SOME OF THE INDICATORS RELATED TO THE LIBERATION OF PRODUCTS INVESTMENTS AMONG GCC STATES AND THE ROLE THAT THE JOINT MARKET COULD HAVE IN INCREASING THE EXCHANGE OF TRADE AND INVESTMENT AMONG THEM.
THE NUMBER OF JOINT GCC PROJECTS REACHED AROUND 1,000, HE SAID, NOTING THAT THE SUM OF THEIR CAPITAL DID NOT EXCEED USD205 BILLION IN 2005.
ON THE OTHER HAND, JOINT-STOCK COMPANIES ALLOWING GULF CITIZENS TO TRADE IN THEIR SHARES REACHED 524 OUT OF A TOTAL OF 1,000 COMPANIES, HE SAID.
ACCORDING TO NAQI, THERE ARE ONLY 16 BRANCHES OF GULF BANKS IN COUNCIL MEMBER COUNTRIES.
THE NUMBER OF GCC CITIZENS OWNING PROPERTY IN OTHER GCC STATES DID NOT EXCEED 34,000, HE NOTED.
THE SIZE OF TRADE EXCHANGE AMONG GCC COUNTRIES ONLY REACHED 10 PER CENT OF THE TOTAL OF EXCHANGE IN THE AREA, HE ADDED.
WITH THE JOINT MARKET, HE SAID, THE RATE IS EXPECTED TO MORE THAN DOUBLE, ACCORDING TO ESTIMATIONS.
A SIGNIFICANT SHARE OF GCC INVESTMENTS ABROAD, WORTH AROUND USD 1 TRILLION, COULD ALSO BE FORWARDED TO THE ECONOMIES OF COUNCIL COUNTRIES INSTEAD, HE SAID.
THE MEETING ALSO COVERED VARIOUS ASPECTS RELATED TO THE LAUNCH OF THE GCC JOINT MARKET.
IT DISCUSSED THE MEANS OF ACHIEVING GCC ECONOMIC CITIZENSHIP THROUGH THE POTENTIALS MADE AVAILABLE BY THE MARKET.
THIS COULD BE DONE BY FAMILIARIZING BUSINESSMEN AND VARIOUS ECONOMIC SECTORS WITH THE RULES AND REGULATIONS RELATED TO GCC ECONOMIC CITIZENSHIP.
NTQ/MT 23-MAR-2008 19:18
Rise in food prices puts pressure on fiscal policy
Rise in food prices puts pressure on fiscal policy
By Nadim Kawach on Friday, March 21 , 2008
A surge in global food prices has put pressure on the fiscal balance of Gulf oil producers and complicated their efforts to stem inflation given their heavy reliance on farm imports, according to official data.
Without heavy government subsidies, higher food prices will remain a key factor in soaring inflation rates in the Gulf Co-operation Council (GCC) along with a surge in rents, high public spending and excessive domestic liquidity.
Official figures showed food prices have jumped by four to 10 per cent in the GCC over the past three years mainly as a result of soaring farm costs in many countries that are considered a key source for GCC food supplies.
“Over the past year, prices of some food products have risen substantially. For many economies, food represents a significant share of export receipts or import payments. Thus, higher food prices can have a significant impact on a country’s net trade balances,” the International Monetary Fund said.
It said some food-exporting countries in the Western Hemisphere – such as Argentina, Bolivia, and Chile – and in southern Africa – such as South Africa, Namibia, and Swaziland – have benefited from higher food prices since 2002.
However, many of the poorer regions of Africa and a number of countries in Asia as well as in the Middle East are net losers, the IMF said in a study.
Higher global food prices put upward pressure on the cost of living, both directly and through their potential impact on non-food prices. Average domestic food price inflation [defined as the purchasing-power-parity weighted aggregate of an individual country’s domestic food price inflation] rose to about 4.5 per cent in the first four months of 2007 from about three per cent over the same period in 2006. The figure is more than nine per cent for developing countries.
Experts said the surge in food prices constituted a major obstacle for the GCC’s efforts to tackle inflation as farm imports account for a large part of the group’s total imports. The foodstuff’s relative weight in the consumer price index (CPI) in some members is as high as 25 per cent, which means any increase in food prices will have a heavy impact on total inflation.
In Saudi Arabia, by far the largest and most populous GCC member, food prices surged by 5.6 per cent in 2006 and 7.1 per cent in 2007.
The increase, along with a steady rise in rents and prices of other items, increased the Kingdom’s inflation rate to its highest annual average of 4.1 per cent in 2007.
The continuous increase in food prices in Saudi Arabia, the world’s top oil exporter, has given rise to smuggling of some foodstuffs and manipulation by traders to influence prices and net higher profits.
On Wednesday, the official media reported that Saudi Arabia’s new Trade Minister Abdullah Zainal formed a committee to study the price increase after meeting representatives of food traders.
He said the committee would consider measures to halt smuggling and manipulation and curb price increases. In the UAE, the largest importer in the Middle East, food prices soared by 5.5 per cent in 2006 and eight per cent in 2007, according to the Central Bank.
Economists said this surge was one of the main causes of inflation along with high rents as foodstuff and beverage is the second largest component of the country’s consumer price index, with a relative weight of 14.4 per cent.
Central Bank figures in other GCC members also showed sharp increases in food prices, which shot up by at least seven per cent in Qatar last year, 6.8 per cent in Kuwait and 10.8 per cent in Oman.
“There are a host of factors responsible for the inflation problem in the GCC and the surge in food prices is one of the main factors,” a UAE bank manager said.
“While member states can deal with the other factors, including high public spending, excess liquidity and a surge in local rents, I do not see how they will deal with the food price problem as it is an international problem unless of course they will introduce heavy subsidies. But as you know, subsidies are only a temporary solution and they will also be a big burden on the budget. The main problem is that the GCC countries receive most of their food through imports.” GCC states are among the largest food importers in the world given their poor farm potential due to their desert nature.
The bulk of their food imports come from outside the Arab region, including the United States and other countries.
Official Arab figures showed the GCC’s combined farm imports peaked at around $46.29 billion (Dh169.8bn) during 2005-2007.
They accounted for around 45 per cent of the total Arab food import value of $102bn although the population of the six members of around 35 million does not exceed 11 per cent of the total Arab population. A breakdown showed Saudi Arabia was the largest Arab food importer, with a value of $26bn during 2005-2007. Imports by the UAE totalled $9.3bn, while they stood at $4.5bn in Oman, $4.3bn in Kuwait, $1.4bn in Bahrain and around $790 million in Qatar.
http://www.business24-7.ae/cs/article_show_mainh1_story.aspx?HeadlineID=4210
By Nadim Kawach on Friday, March 21 , 2008
A surge in global food prices has put pressure on the fiscal balance of Gulf oil producers and complicated their efforts to stem inflation given their heavy reliance on farm imports, according to official data.
Without heavy government subsidies, higher food prices will remain a key factor in soaring inflation rates in the Gulf Co-operation Council (GCC) along with a surge in rents, high public spending and excessive domestic liquidity.
Official figures showed food prices have jumped by four to 10 per cent in the GCC over the past three years mainly as a result of soaring farm costs in many countries that are considered a key source for GCC food supplies.
“Over the past year, prices of some food products have risen substantially. For many economies, food represents a significant share of export receipts or import payments. Thus, higher food prices can have a significant impact on a country’s net trade balances,” the International Monetary Fund said.
It said some food-exporting countries in the Western Hemisphere – such as Argentina, Bolivia, and Chile – and in southern Africa – such as South Africa, Namibia, and Swaziland – have benefited from higher food prices since 2002.
However, many of the poorer regions of Africa and a number of countries in Asia as well as in the Middle East are net losers, the IMF said in a study.
Higher global food prices put upward pressure on the cost of living, both directly and through their potential impact on non-food prices. Average domestic food price inflation [defined as the purchasing-power-parity weighted aggregate of an individual country’s domestic food price inflation] rose to about 4.5 per cent in the first four months of 2007 from about three per cent over the same period in 2006. The figure is more than nine per cent for developing countries.
Experts said the surge in food prices constituted a major obstacle for the GCC’s efforts to tackle inflation as farm imports account for a large part of the group’s total imports. The foodstuff’s relative weight in the consumer price index (CPI) in some members is as high as 25 per cent, which means any increase in food prices will have a heavy impact on total inflation.
In Saudi Arabia, by far the largest and most populous GCC member, food prices surged by 5.6 per cent in 2006 and 7.1 per cent in 2007.
The increase, along with a steady rise in rents and prices of other items, increased the Kingdom’s inflation rate to its highest annual average of 4.1 per cent in 2007.
The continuous increase in food prices in Saudi Arabia, the world’s top oil exporter, has given rise to smuggling of some foodstuffs and manipulation by traders to influence prices and net higher profits.
On Wednesday, the official media reported that Saudi Arabia’s new Trade Minister Abdullah Zainal formed a committee to study the price increase after meeting representatives of food traders.
He said the committee would consider measures to halt smuggling and manipulation and curb price increases. In the UAE, the largest importer in the Middle East, food prices soared by 5.5 per cent in 2006 and eight per cent in 2007, according to the Central Bank.
Economists said this surge was one of the main causes of inflation along with high rents as foodstuff and beverage is the second largest component of the country’s consumer price index, with a relative weight of 14.4 per cent.
Central Bank figures in other GCC members also showed sharp increases in food prices, which shot up by at least seven per cent in Qatar last year, 6.8 per cent in Kuwait and 10.8 per cent in Oman.
“There are a host of factors responsible for the inflation problem in the GCC and the surge in food prices is one of the main factors,” a UAE bank manager said.
“While member states can deal with the other factors, including high public spending, excess liquidity and a surge in local rents, I do not see how they will deal with the food price problem as it is an international problem unless of course they will introduce heavy subsidies. But as you know, subsidies are only a temporary solution and they will also be a big burden on the budget. The main problem is that the GCC countries receive most of their food through imports.” GCC states are among the largest food importers in the world given their poor farm potential due to their desert nature.
The bulk of their food imports come from outside the Arab region, including the United States and other countries.
Official Arab figures showed the GCC’s combined farm imports peaked at around $46.29 billion (Dh169.8bn) during 2005-2007.
They accounted for around 45 per cent of the total Arab food import value of $102bn although the population of the six members of around 35 million does not exceed 11 per cent of the total Arab population. A breakdown showed Saudi Arabia was the largest Arab food importer, with a value of $26bn during 2005-2007. Imports by the UAE totalled $9.3bn, while they stood at $4.5bn in Oman, $4.3bn in Kuwait, $1.4bn in Bahrain and around $790 million in Qatar.
http://www.business24-7.ae/cs/article_show_mainh1_story.aspx?HeadlineID=4210
Tuesday, March 18, 2008
Unified GCC Currency May Come by 2010
Unified GCC Currency May Come by 2010
13/Mar/2008
Arab News
Assistant Secretary-General for Economic Affairs at the Arab League Dr. Mohammed Ibrahim Al-Tuwaijri has dismissed the idea that any GCC state, except Kuwait, would cut its currency link with the US dollar. He said there were reports the dollar might recover by March 2009. Talking on the sidelines of the regional meet on GCC policies for using clean fuel for cleaner environment Al-Tuwaijri said it was not in the interest of GCC states to cut their currency link with the dollar since this might lead to chaos, especially since all deals and transactions were in carried out in dollars.
Regarding the unified GCC currency, he said all the recent indications showed it would be issued by 2010 in view of the international economic situation such as inflation and recession in the US dollar that reflected negatively on GCC currencies linked to it. He added the introduction of a unified GCC currency would be one of positive resolutions to better the economic situation. Minister of Oil and Gas and Head of the National Oil and Gas Authority Dr. Abdulhussain ibn Ali Mirza, who opened the regional meet on developing GCC policies to use cleaner fuel for better environment, said: “Bahrain has become the first country in the region to produce low Suplphur Diesel and also jet fuel with less CO2 omissions.”
The two-day meeting will discuss issues related to fuel and cars and what has been achieved by the GCC, Middle East and North African countries to improve the quality of fuel through setting standards for vehicles in view of the challenges facing the production of unleaded fuel. The minister said that international efforts and cooperation was essential to improve the international power scenario including the oil sector to maintain environment through improving petroleum products.
Mirza mentioned a number of projects in the field, including unleaded fuel, which has been produced since 2000 at a cost of $7.4 million. Prime Minister Shaikh Khalifa ibn Salman Al- Khalifa in December opened a complex to produce unleaded diesel at a cost of $725 million with investment revenue reaching 30 percent.
“There are a number of similar projects of international standards to maintain environment which would be launched after completing their technical and financial studies.” The Director and Regional Representative of the UN Environment Program for West Asia Dr. Habeeb Al-Hobar said an international partnership was essential to tackle the issue.
He hailed the role of international partnership in using natural resources wisely and also the use of cleaner fuel under the sponsorship of the un environment program which, he said, contributed in spreading the use of unleaded fuel. He also praised the policies and programs of Arab countries to achieve a cleaner environment, underlining the ability of the GCC states to use unleaded fuel since 2003 in Saudi Arabia, Kuwait and the UAE.
Deputy Chairman of the general committee to protect fishery resources, environment and wildlife Dr. Ismael Al-Madani referred to the increasing number of cars in Bahrain with about nine percent considered as dangerous from the point of view of traffic and leading to accidents and deaths.
13/Mar/2008
Arab News
Assistant Secretary-General for Economic Affairs at the Arab League Dr. Mohammed Ibrahim Al-Tuwaijri has dismissed the idea that any GCC state, except Kuwait, would cut its currency link with the US dollar. He said there were reports the dollar might recover by March 2009. Talking on the sidelines of the regional meet on GCC policies for using clean fuel for cleaner environment Al-Tuwaijri said it was not in the interest of GCC states to cut their currency link with the dollar since this might lead to chaos, especially since all deals and transactions were in carried out in dollars.
Regarding the unified GCC currency, he said all the recent indications showed it would be issued by 2010 in view of the international economic situation such as inflation and recession in the US dollar that reflected negatively on GCC currencies linked to it. He added the introduction of a unified GCC currency would be one of positive resolutions to better the economic situation. Minister of Oil and Gas and Head of the National Oil and Gas Authority Dr. Abdulhussain ibn Ali Mirza, who opened the regional meet on developing GCC policies to use cleaner fuel for better environment, said: “Bahrain has become the first country in the region to produce low Suplphur Diesel and also jet fuel with less CO2 omissions.”
The two-day meeting will discuss issues related to fuel and cars and what has been achieved by the GCC, Middle East and North African countries to improve the quality of fuel through setting standards for vehicles in view of the challenges facing the production of unleaded fuel. The minister said that international efforts and cooperation was essential to improve the international power scenario including the oil sector to maintain environment through improving petroleum products.
Mirza mentioned a number of projects in the field, including unleaded fuel, which has been produced since 2000 at a cost of $7.4 million. Prime Minister Shaikh Khalifa ibn Salman Al- Khalifa in December opened a complex to produce unleaded diesel at a cost of $725 million with investment revenue reaching 30 percent.
“There are a number of similar projects of international standards to maintain environment which would be launched after completing their technical and financial studies.” The Director and Regional Representative of the UN Environment Program for West Asia Dr. Habeeb Al-Hobar said an international partnership was essential to tackle the issue.
He hailed the role of international partnership in using natural resources wisely and also the use of cleaner fuel under the sponsorship of the un environment program which, he said, contributed in spreading the use of unleaded fuel. He also praised the policies and programs of Arab countries to achieve a cleaner environment, underlining the ability of the GCC states to use unleaded fuel since 2003 in Saudi Arabia, Kuwait and the UAE.
Deputy Chairman of the general committee to protect fishery resources, environment and wildlife Dr. Ismael Al-Madani referred to the increasing number of cars in Bahrain with about nine percent considered as dangerous from the point of view of traffic and leading to accidents and deaths.
GCC common currency dollar peg dilemma
GCC common currency dollar peg dilemma
By Nadim Kawach on Sunday, March 16 , 2008
Gulf countries are debating whether to peg the single common currency, which is likely to be launched in 2010, to the US dollar, a senior Gulf economy official said.
Abdul Aziz Al Owaishiq, Director of the GCC Economic Integration Department, told Qatar’s Arabic language daily Al Raya that a debate within the GCC is on to decide whether to peg the planned common currency to the US dollar.
The Gulf Co-operation Council (GCC) countries, which control more than 45 per cent of the world’s oil wealth, are sticking to their original 2010 deadline to set up the currency union despite Oman’s decision to suspend its participation.
Owaishiq said GCC monetary authorities have not taken any decision yet on the link between the planned common Gulf currency and the dollar, adding it would be up to the GCC heads of state to decide on this issue.
“I would like to note that the Supreme Council has empowered the GCC monetary authority to decide on whether to peg the common currency to one or more currencies or float this currency, depending on the requirements and conditions of the coming stage.”
Owaishiq said the GCC monetary union would accelerate growth in member states. “I can tell you that pegging the GCC currencies to the US dollar does not necessarily mean their exchange rate cannot be changed against the dollar while keeping that peg,” he said.
“I believe if the change in this rate by the GCC countries is by the same percentage, then this will not affect the arrangements for the monetary union because the GCC’s proportionate exchange rates will remain fixed,” he added. GCC states have decided to keep their currencies linked to the US dollar as they pursue plans to create a landmark monetary union following the launching of the common market early this year and the customs union four years ago.
Kuwait, which had its dinar pegged to a basket of currencies for more than two decades, joined the peg two years ago before it decided to revert to the basket, in which the US dollar is believed to account for 80 per cent. Speculation has mounted over the past few months that some GCC states will appreciate their currencies against the dollar while keeping the peg in a bid to curb inflation that has surged to double-digit rates in some member economies.
“The currency union timetable is still on track for 2010. It is a decision by the GCC Supreme Council (heads of state),” he said.
Commenting on revaluation, he said a possible decision by Gulf Arab states to revalue their currencies against the weakening US dollar will not block their plans to create the Middle East’s first monetary union.
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Last Update at 10:09 pm on March 16, 2008
By Nadim Kawach on Sunday, March 16 , 2008
Gulf countries are debating whether to peg the single common currency, which is likely to be launched in 2010, to the US dollar, a senior Gulf economy official said.
Abdul Aziz Al Owaishiq, Director of the GCC Economic Integration Department, told Qatar’s Arabic language daily Al Raya that a debate within the GCC is on to decide whether to peg the planned common currency to the US dollar.
The Gulf Co-operation Council (GCC) countries, which control more than 45 per cent of the world’s oil wealth, are sticking to their original 2010 deadline to set up the currency union despite Oman’s decision to suspend its participation.
Owaishiq said GCC monetary authorities have not taken any decision yet on the link between the planned common Gulf currency and the dollar, adding it would be up to the GCC heads of state to decide on this issue.
“I would like to note that the Supreme Council has empowered the GCC monetary authority to decide on whether to peg the common currency to one or more currencies or float this currency, depending on the requirements and conditions of the coming stage.”
Owaishiq said the GCC monetary union would accelerate growth in member states. “I can tell you that pegging the GCC currencies to the US dollar does not necessarily mean their exchange rate cannot be changed against the dollar while keeping that peg,” he said.
“I believe if the change in this rate by the GCC countries is by the same percentage, then this will not affect the arrangements for the monetary union because the GCC’s proportionate exchange rates will remain fixed,” he added. GCC states have decided to keep their currencies linked to the US dollar as they pursue plans to create a landmark monetary union following the launching of the common market early this year and the customs union four years ago.
Kuwait, which had its dinar pegged to a basket of currencies for more than two decades, joined the peg two years ago before it decided to revert to the basket, in which the US dollar is believed to account for 80 per cent. Speculation has mounted over the past few months that some GCC states will appreciate their currencies against the dollar while keeping the peg in a bid to curb inflation that has surged to double-digit rates in some member economies.
“The currency union timetable is still on track for 2010. It is a decision by the GCC Supreme Council (heads of state),” he said.
Commenting on revaluation, he said a possible decision by Gulf Arab states to revalue their currencies against the weakening US dollar will not block their plans to create the Middle East’s first monetary union.
More in News
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Kuwait allows dinar to fall as dollar recovers
China reports new bird flu outbreak
Airbus A380 takes off for inaugural London service
World markets jittery ahead of Fed decision
UAE markets feel the heat as global equities slump
Capital offers huge scope for growth of exhibition industry
Dubai World buys stakes in African reserves
Etisalat takes swift action over sluggish broadband
MoU to set up DMCC cotton trade corridor
Last Update at 10:09 pm on March 16, 2008
Wednesday, March 12, 2008
Qatar may revalue riyal next month
: Wednesday, 12 March, 2008, 02:18 AM Doha Time
QATAR may revalue its currency or end the peg to the US dollar next month, Qatari Central Bank officials were quoted as saying by a Dubai-based news agency yesterday.
“Everything will be clear by the end of this month because our fiscal year ends on March 31, so by April the central bank will make an announcement,” a Qatari central bank official who declined to be identified told Zawya Dow Jones.
Prime Minister HE Sheikh Hamad bin Jassim bin Jabor al-Thani last month urged Gulf Arab oil producers to bridge differences over a single currency, saying monetary union could avert possible unilateral revaluations designed to check soaring inflation.
Qatar’s riyal is undervalued by as much as 30% and currency revaluation is being studied, among several options, to check inflation, Sheikh Hamad bin Jassim said in an interview with Reuters.
Zawya Dow Jones quoted Qatari sources as saying that a revaluation or de-peg by March 31 remain open questions. But any decision to ditch the dollar will be made by the prime minister with the approval of other Gulf Co-operation Council (GCC) countries, including the United Arab Emirates, Saudi Arabia and Kuwait.
Saudi Arabia, the UAE, Qatar, Bahrain and Oman retain their currency pegs to the US dollar regardless of growing pressure to change policy in response to the greenback’s continued slide.
The UAE, the second-largest Middle East Arab economy, has set up a task force to assess the implications of de-pegging, officials at the emirates’ central bank told Zawya Dow Jones.
US Federal Reserve interest cuts expected on March 18 will add further pressure to Gulf currencies, which are straining to maintain their existing pegs to the US dollar.
“If the Fed cuts rates this month we will also have to cut rates,” the Qatari central bank official said.
Another official at the bank said Gulf central banks were organising meetings on March 19 and April 14 to discuss the issue of de-linking their currencies from the dollar.
Analysts said a revaluation, or move to a currency basket, could be announced in the first half.
“Gulf economies reached a crucial point at the beginning of this year given the dollar weakness and expectations of more aggressive interest rates cuts in the US,” said Monica Malik, director of economics at EFG-Hermes.
EFG-Hermes estimates a 60% chance of GCC currency reform, at an initial appreciation of 5-10%.
Speculation of an imminent de-peg by Qatar continues to influence the market. One-year Qatari riyal forwards traded on Monday at just under -1800 versus last year’s low of -2000.
“The substantial discount in the one-year QR forward proves the market clearly expects revaluation,” said Jason Goff, head of treasury and market sales at Emirates Bank. “The story has not gone away.”
The Qatar riyal strengthened to a seven-day high of 3.63 to the dollar after yesterday’s report.
“Combined with other recent comments that the Qatari riyal could be undervalued by around 30% this will likely to see appreciation pressure mount,” said Deutsche Bank Middle East economist Caroline Grady.
A Qatar central bank official declined to comment when Reuters called. – Reuters/ Zawya Dow Jones
QATAR may revalue its currency or end the peg to the US dollar next month, Qatari Central Bank officials were quoted as saying by a Dubai-based news agency yesterday.
“Everything will be clear by the end of this month because our fiscal year ends on March 31, so by April the central bank will make an announcement,” a Qatari central bank official who declined to be identified told Zawya Dow Jones.
Prime Minister HE Sheikh Hamad bin Jassim bin Jabor al-Thani last month urged Gulf Arab oil producers to bridge differences over a single currency, saying monetary union could avert possible unilateral revaluations designed to check soaring inflation.
Qatar’s riyal is undervalued by as much as 30% and currency revaluation is being studied, among several options, to check inflation, Sheikh Hamad bin Jassim said in an interview with Reuters.
Zawya Dow Jones quoted Qatari sources as saying that a revaluation or de-peg by March 31 remain open questions. But any decision to ditch the dollar will be made by the prime minister with the approval of other Gulf Co-operation Council (GCC) countries, including the United Arab Emirates, Saudi Arabia and Kuwait.
Saudi Arabia, the UAE, Qatar, Bahrain and Oman retain their currency pegs to the US dollar regardless of growing pressure to change policy in response to the greenback’s continued slide.
The UAE, the second-largest Middle East Arab economy, has set up a task force to assess the implications of de-pegging, officials at the emirates’ central bank told Zawya Dow Jones.
US Federal Reserve interest cuts expected on March 18 will add further pressure to Gulf currencies, which are straining to maintain their existing pegs to the US dollar.
“If the Fed cuts rates this month we will also have to cut rates,” the Qatari central bank official said.
Another official at the bank said Gulf central banks were organising meetings on March 19 and April 14 to discuss the issue of de-linking their currencies from the dollar.
Analysts said a revaluation, or move to a currency basket, could be announced in the first half.
“Gulf economies reached a crucial point at the beginning of this year given the dollar weakness and expectations of more aggressive interest rates cuts in the US,” said Monica Malik, director of economics at EFG-Hermes.
EFG-Hermes estimates a 60% chance of GCC currency reform, at an initial appreciation of 5-10%.
Speculation of an imminent de-peg by Qatar continues to influence the market. One-year Qatari riyal forwards traded on Monday at just under -1800 versus last year’s low of -2000.
“The substantial discount in the one-year QR forward proves the market clearly expects revaluation,” said Jason Goff, head of treasury and market sales at Emirates Bank. “The story has not gone away.”
The Qatar riyal strengthened to a seven-day high of 3.63 to the dollar after yesterday’s report.
“Combined with other recent comments that the Qatari riyal could be undervalued by around 30% this will likely to see appreciation pressure mount,” said Deutsche Bank Middle East economist Caroline Grady.
A Qatar central bank official declined to comment when Reuters called. – Reuters/ Zawya Dow Jones
Thursday, March 6, 2008
GCC to establish common stock exchange
by Joel Bowman on Tuesday, 04 March 2008
COMMON EXCHANGE: A collective Gulf stock exchange will likely come after the introduction of the common currency, experts said. The GCC may look to form a common stock exchange after establishing a currency union, planned for 2010, the head of the Abu Dhabi Securities Market (ADSM) said on Monday.
“You will see in this region a common capital market and securities market after the Gulf common currency,” Tom Healy, ADSM director general, told newswire Bloomberg, adding that the exchange would start “some years” after regional monetary union.
However, the common currency may not happen for some years after the official 2010 deadline, which many analysts believe is now impossible to meet.
The deadline was cast into doubt in 2006 when Oman indicated it would be unable to meet the required convergence criteria to participate, and was dealt a further blow in May last year when Kuwait depegged its dinar from the dollar blaming the falling US currency for driving up inflation.
Gulf states pegged their currencies to the dollar in preparation for the GCC monetary union and single currency.
Nasser Saidi, chief economist at the Dubai International Financial Centre (DIFC), said last month the deadline was "highly ambitious, largely because of the divergences in conditions within each of the GCC countries”.
Nevertheless, international investment interest in the GCC markets lends impetus to establishing a common, accessible marketplace.
Currently most countries in the region operate single country exchanges, such as the Doha Securities Market and the Saudi Stock Exchange (Tadawul), while the UAE operates two domestic exchanges and one international exchange.
Fahd Iqbal, Gulf equities analyst for EFG-Hermes Holding SAE, expects a Gulf market to occupy a broader sector space, resembling the pan-European exchange, Euronext NV.
“While I don't think the local bourses will disappear, I do see a possibility for a Euronext-style merger,” Iqbal said, according to Bloomberg.
“Fund managers still look at this region country by country, but in a couple of years they'll start looking at it by industry sector as they do in Europe."
COMMON EXCHANGE: A collective Gulf stock exchange will likely come after the introduction of the common currency, experts said. The GCC may look to form a common stock exchange after establishing a currency union, planned for 2010, the head of the Abu Dhabi Securities Market (ADSM) said on Monday.
“You will see in this region a common capital market and securities market after the Gulf common currency,” Tom Healy, ADSM director general, told newswire Bloomberg, adding that the exchange would start “some years” after regional monetary union.
However, the common currency may not happen for some years after the official 2010 deadline, which many analysts believe is now impossible to meet.
The deadline was cast into doubt in 2006 when Oman indicated it would be unable to meet the required convergence criteria to participate, and was dealt a further blow in May last year when Kuwait depegged its dinar from the dollar blaming the falling US currency for driving up inflation.
Gulf states pegged their currencies to the dollar in preparation for the GCC monetary union and single currency.
Nasser Saidi, chief economist at the Dubai International Financial Centre (DIFC), said last month the deadline was "highly ambitious, largely because of the divergences in conditions within each of the GCC countries”.
Nevertheless, international investment interest in the GCC markets lends impetus to establishing a common, accessible marketplace.
Currently most countries in the region operate single country exchanges, such as the Doha Securities Market and the Saudi Stock Exchange (Tadawul), while the UAE operates two domestic exchanges and one international exchange.
Fahd Iqbal, Gulf equities analyst for EFG-Hermes Holding SAE, expects a Gulf market to occupy a broader sector space, resembling the pan-European exchange, Euronext NV.
“While I don't think the local bourses will disappear, I do see a possibility for a Euronext-style merger,” Iqbal said, according to Bloomberg.
“Fund managers still look at this region country by country, but in a couple of years they'll start looking at it by industry sector as they do in Europe."
Saudi inflation plan to cost $21bn
by Talal Malik on Wednesday, 05 March 2008
SAUDI FINANCE: Jadwa Investment has said Saudi Arabia's plan to control inflation will cost the kingdom's treasury $21 billion over the next 3 years. (Getty Images)Saudi Arabia's plan to control inflation will cost the kingdom's treasury 80 billion Saudi riyals ($21 billion) over the next three years, Jadwa Investment said on Tuesday.
Riyadh-based Jadwa said in its monthly bulletin that the kingdom's Saudi Arabia's 17-point plan to alleviate the impact of rising prices will cost the government 13.5 billion riyals in supplemental spending and 67 billion riyals over the next three years, Saudi daily Arab News reported.
The cost will not affect public finances because the kingdom's budget surplus this year is expected to reach 187 billion riyals, it added.
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"The public sector pay rise is unlikely to prove too inflationary and the reduced fees and charges and other measures will not have a pronounced impact on the overall inflation rate," Brad Bourland, chief economist and head of research at Jadwa, said in reference to a recent series of salary hikes for state employees.
In announcing 5% salary rises for 2009 and 2010, the Saudi government is demonstrating clearly it expects inflation to remain around this level for the next three years, the report said.
Though the government paid about 170 billion riyals in wages last year, a 5% rise would increase the total government wage bill by 8.5 billion riyals for 2008. Further increases of 5% are pledged over the next two years, costing the kingdom 52 billion riyals by the end of 2010, the report said.
Bourland said many people believe that raising public salaries were a simple way for the government to compensate for the impact of inflation.
Citizens throughout the GCC have pushed for much higher wages and in some cases have received them - government wages were increased by up to 43% in Oman and federal employees in the UAE have received a 70% pay rise.
However, Jadwa said that pay rises should be driven by adjustments for the current rate of inflation and improvements in worker productivity, and that by raising them beyond this level will actually stimulate further inflation.
This is because much of the pay rise will be spent and this increase in demand will feed through into higher prices, it said.
The 15% government pay rise in August 2005 probably contributed to the current period of rising inflation, the report added.
Rent has been the main factor pushing up inflation in Saudi Arabia over the last year, Jadwa said.
The programme calls for the urgent approval of the Saudi mortgage law, which has been awaiting final ratification for some time. Most Saudis rent their property, so rising rents have eroded spending power, and mortgage laws are expected to help spur home buying.
"The recently announced measures will have some targeted benefits but they will not have a great impact on total inflation within the economy," Bourland said. "However, our forecast for average inflation in 2008 remains unchanged at 4.7%."
SAUDI FINANCE: Jadwa Investment has said Saudi Arabia's plan to control inflation will cost the kingdom's treasury $21 billion over the next 3 years. (Getty Images)Saudi Arabia's plan to control inflation will cost the kingdom's treasury 80 billion Saudi riyals ($21 billion) over the next three years, Jadwa Investment said on Tuesday.
Riyadh-based Jadwa said in its monthly bulletin that the kingdom's Saudi Arabia's 17-point plan to alleviate the impact of rising prices will cost the government 13.5 billion riyals in supplemental spending and 67 billion riyals over the next three years, Saudi daily Arab News reported.
The cost will not affect public finances because the kingdom's budget surplus this year is expected to reach 187 billion riyals, it added.
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"The public sector pay rise is unlikely to prove too inflationary and the reduced fees and charges and other measures will not have a pronounced impact on the overall inflation rate," Brad Bourland, chief economist and head of research at Jadwa, said in reference to a recent series of salary hikes for state employees.
In announcing 5% salary rises for 2009 and 2010, the Saudi government is demonstrating clearly it expects inflation to remain around this level for the next three years, the report said.
Though the government paid about 170 billion riyals in wages last year, a 5% rise would increase the total government wage bill by 8.5 billion riyals for 2008. Further increases of 5% are pledged over the next two years, costing the kingdom 52 billion riyals by the end of 2010, the report said.
Bourland said many people believe that raising public salaries were a simple way for the government to compensate for the impact of inflation.
Citizens throughout the GCC have pushed for much higher wages and in some cases have received them - government wages were increased by up to 43% in Oman and federal employees in the UAE have received a 70% pay rise.
However, Jadwa said that pay rises should be driven by adjustments for the current rate of inflation and improvements in worker productivity, and that by raising them beyond this level will actually stimulate further inflation.
This is because much of the pay rise will be spent and this increase in demand will feed through into higher prices, it said.
The 15% government pay rise in August 2005 probably contributed to the current period of rising inflation, the report added.
Rent has been the main factor pushing up inflation in Saudi Arabia over the last year, Jadwa said.
The programme calls for the urgent approval of the Saudi mortgage law, which has been awaiting final ratification for some time. Most Saudis rent their property, so rising rents have eroded spending power, and mortgage laws are expected to help spur home buying.
"The recently announced measures will have some targeted benefits but they will not have a great impact on total inflation within the economy," Bourland said. "However, our forecast for average inflation in 2008 remains unchanged at 4.7%."
Sunday, March 2, 2008
Gulf currency union far off, says UAE
Gulf currency union far off, says UAE
Dubai: Mon, 25 Feb 2008
Gulf Arab oil producers are still at the start of forming a single currency and may not follow the European Union model, the United Arab Emirates central bank governor said on Monday.
The UAE, Saudi Arabia and four other oil producers have been working toward monetary union by a 2010 deadline that policymakers across the world's top oil-exporting region have said would be difficult, if not impossible, to meet.
'GCC monetary union is a long-term objective,' Sultan Nasser al-Suweidi told an investment conference in the UAE capital, Abu Dhabi.
'We are at the beginning of the road,' Suweidi said.
He did not say when he expected the six states to achieve the beleaguered common currency project, which was first thrown into doubt in 2006 when Oman said it would not join by the 2010 deadline.
Oman has decided not to join the union at all, its central bank governor told Reuters earlier this month.
Kuwait also broke ranks with its neighbours by dropping its peg to the dollar in May, saying the weak US currency was fuelling inflation because it was making some imports more expensive. The dollar pegs were intended to stay in place until monetary union.
Gulf states may move away from following the example of the European Union, which determined monetary union criteria in the Maastricht Treaty, Suweidi said.
'The GCC countries might not follow the example of the European Union and the euro,' he said, without giving details.
An inflation target of no more than 2 percent above the regional average is the most contentious of EU-style criteria agreed by the six states, which also include Qatar and Bahrain.
As part of the Maastricht Treaty, inflation in each European member state cannot be higher than 1.5 percentage points above the average annual inflation rate of the three member countries with the lowest rate.
Gulf inflation has surged as economic growth, spurred by record oil prices, strains capacity. Still, Gulf central banks are forced to match U.S. interest rate cuts to defend their dollar pegs, constraining their efforts to fight price rises.
Inflation in Bahrain, the lowest in the region, was about 4.1 percent in December, while in Qatar, contending with the fastest pace of price rises, inflation was just off a record at 13.74 percent in the fourth quarter.
Dollar pegs are helping Gulf states accomplish a monetary union objective of 'eliminating or reducing transaction costs', Suweidi said.
'(Gulf currencies) are pegged to the dollar and that has given the anchor that's needed to reduce the transaction cost of our currencies,' he said.
They still needed to work on payment systems, and harmonise laws in areas such as land ownership before they could form a common market -- a precursor to a common currency, he said. Gulf rulers agreed at a meeting in Doha in December to form a common market this year. - Reuters
Dubai: Mon, 25 Feb 2008
Gulf Arab oil producers are still at the start of forming a single currency and may not follow the European Union model, the United Arab Emirates central bank governor said on Monday.
The UAE, Saudi Arabia and four other oil producers have been working toward monetary union by a 2010 deadline that policymakers across the world's top oil-exporting region have said would be difficult, if not impossible, to meet.
'GCC monetary union is a long-term objective,' Sultan Nasser al-Suweidi told an investment conference in the UAE capital, Abu Dhabi.
'We are at the beginning of the road,' Suweidi said.
He did not say when he expected the six states to achieve the beleaguered common currency project, which was first thrown into doubt in 2006 when Oman said it would not join by the 2010 deadline.
Oman has decided not to join the union at all, its central bank governor told Reuters earlier this month.
Kuwait also broke ranks with its neighbours by dropping its peg to the dollar in May, saying the weak US currency was fuelling inflation because it was making some imports more expensive. The dollar pegs were intended to stay in place until monetary union.
Gulf states may move away from following the example of the European Union, which determined monetary union criteria in the Maastricht Treaty, Suweidi said.
'The GCC countries might not follow the example of the European Union and the euro,' he said, without giving details.
An inflation target of no more than 2 percent above the regional average is the most contentious of EU-style criteria agreed by the six states, which also include Qatar and Bahrain.
As part of the Maastricht Treaty, inflation in each European member state cannot be higher than 1.5 percentage points above the average annual inflation rate of the three member countries with the lowest rate.
Gulf inflation has surged as economic growth, spurred by record oil prices, strains capacity. Still, Gulf central banks are forced to match U.S. interest rate cuts to defend their dollar pegs, constraining their efforts to fight price rises.
Inflation in Bahrain, the lowest in the region, was about 4.1 percent in December, while in Qatar, contending with the fastest pace of price rises, inflation was just off a record at 13.74 percent in the fourth quarter.
Dollar pegs are helping Gulf states accomplish a monetary union objective of 'eliminating or reducing transaction costs', Suweidi said.
'(Gulf currencies) are pegged to the dollar and that has given the anchor that's needed to reduce the transaction cost of our currencies,' he said.
They still needed to work on payment systems, and harmonise laws in areas such as land ownership before they could form a common market -- a precursor to a common currency, he said. Gulf rulers agreed at a meeting in Doha in December to form a common market this year. - Reuters
Saturday, March 1, 2008
Ditching peg will ease inflation - Greenspan
by Souhail Karam and Stanley Carvalho on Monday, 25 February 2008
DITCH PEG: Greenspan said free-floating currencies would ease inflationFormer Federal Reserve Chairman Alan Greenspan said on Monday near-record Gulf Arab inflation would fall "significantly" were the oil producers to drop their dollar pegs, in contradiction to Saudi policy.
"In the short term, free floating... will not fully dissipate inflationary pressure, although it would significantly do so," Greenspan told an investment conference in Jeddah.
But Saudi Central Bank Vice-Governor Muhammed Al Jasser and UAE Central Bank Governor Sultan Nasser Al-Suweidi both said dollar pegs have served their economies well by attracting foreign investment.
"They did very well for our economies because it has led to more capital flows," Al-Suweidi told an investment conference in Abu Dhabi on Monday.
Likewise Al Jasser, questioned by newswire Reuters about the riyal/dollar peg on Sunday, said: "It just happens to be serving our economic interests and continues to do so."
The pegs restrict the Gulf's ability to fight inflation by forcing them to shadow US monetary policy when the Fed is cutting rates to ward off recession and Gulf economies are surging on a near five-fold jump in oil prices since 2002.
Inflation in Saudi Arabia, the world's largest oil exporter, hit a 27-year peak of 7% in January, while in the UAE, price rises in 2006 - the latest available figure - rose to 9.3%, at least a 19-year high.
Still, "Gulf governments should consider the implication of such a move in the long term," Greenspan said of the idea of floating their currencies.
Rifts in Gulf monetary policy widened last May when Kuwait broke ranks with its neighbours by severing its link to the dollar in favour of a basket of currencies, saying a weak dollar was driving imported inflation.
Oman has said it will not join a single currency at all, and Al-Suweidi said in November he was under mounting social and economic pressure to drop the peg.
He has since backtracked, mirroring the position of Saudi Arabia, which has in the last month introduced public sector wage increases, welfare payments and subsidies to offset the impact of inflation.
Qatar, contending with the region's highest inflation, is urging Gulf states to bridge differences over a single currency, saying monetary union could avert possible unilateral revaluations, its prime minister told Reuters on Saturday.
US economic recovery to take longer than usual
Alan Greenspan says longer growth stalls more likely economy will start to contract.
DITCH PEG: Greenspan said free-floating currencies would ease inflationFormer Federal Reserve Chairman Alan Greenspan said on Monday near-record Gulf Arab inflation would fall "significantly" were the oil producers to drop their dollar pegs, in contradiction to Saudi policy.
"In the short term, free floating... will not fully dissipate inflationary pressure, although it would significantly do so," Greenspan told an investment conference in Jeddah.
But Saudi Central Bank Vice-Governor Muhammed Al Jasser and UAE Central Bank Governor Sultan Nasser Al-Suweidi both said dollar pegs have served their economies well by attracting foreign investment.
"They did very well for our economies because it has led to more capital flows," Al-Suweidi told an investment conference in Abu Dhabi on Monday.
Likewise Al Jasser, questioned by newswire Reuters about the riyal/dollar peg on Sunday, said: "It just happens to be serving our economic interests and continues to do so."
The pegs restrict the Gulf's ability to fight inflation by forcing them to shadow US monetary policy when the Fed is cutting rates to ward off recession and Gulf economies are surging on a near five-fold jump in oil prices since 2002.
Inflation in Saudi Arabia, the world's largest oil exporter, hit a 27-year peak of 7% in January, while in the UAE, price rises in 2006 - the latest available figure - rose to 9.3%, at least a 19-year high.
Still, "Gulf governments should consider the implication of such a move in the long term," Greenspan said of the idea of floating their currencies.
Rifts in Gulf monetary policy widened last May when Kuwait broke ranks with its neighbours by severing its link to the dollar in favour of a basket of currencies, saying a weak dollar was driving imported inflation.
Oman has said it will not join a single currency at all, and Al-Suweidi said in November he was under mounting social and economic pressure to drop the peg.
He has since backtracked, mirroring the position of Saudi Arabia, which has in the last month introduced public sector wage increases, welfare payments and subsidies to offset the impact of inflation.
Qatar, contending with the region's highest inflation, is urging Gulf states to bridge differences over a single currency, saying monetary union could avert possible unilateral revaluations, its prime minister told Reuters on Saturday.
US economic recovery to take longer than usual
Alan Greenspan says longer growth stalls more likely economy will start to contract.
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